In a groundbreaking initiative, the Government of Gujarat launched India’s first-ever Tribal Genome Sequencing Project (TGSP) on July 16, 2025, at a ceremony held in Gandhinagar. The ambitious project, titled “Creation of Reference Genome Database for Tribal Population in Gujarat,” aims to build a comprehensive genetic database to better understand and address inherited diseases prevalent among tribal communities.
The project is being implemented by the Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC) in collaboration with various state departments and genetic research experts. It marks a significant step in personalized healthcare and preventive medicine, with a focus on populations that have long remained underrepresented in biomedical research.
OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE
The TGSP is designed to identify genetic markers linked to hereditary diseases such as sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and certain cancers, which are known to affect tribal populations disproportionately. The genetic database will also help uncover markers associated with natural immunity, enabling the development of tailored healthcare solutions.
Under this initiative, 2,000 healthy individuals from over 20 tribal communities across 17 districts of Gujarat will undergo whole genome sequencing. Importantly, the study ensures 50% female participation and uses a trio-based approach, collecting DNA samples from both parents and one child per family to analyze patterns of genetic inheritance.
TRIBAL COMMUNITIES INVOLVED
The communities participating include Bamcha, Garasia Bhil, Dholi Bhil, Chaudhari, Dhanka, Tadvi, Valvi, Dubla, Gamit, Gond, Kathodi, Kukna, Kunbi, Nayaka, Pardhi, Patelia, Rathwa, Warli, Kotwalia, among others. Notably, the Sidi community, with African ancestry, from Amreli, Bhavnagar, Jamnagar, Junagadh, Rajkot, and Surendranagar districts will also be part of the study.
Each tribe will contribute at least one genetic trio to ensure accurate representation of inherited traits. Participation is limited to healthy adults aged 18 and above, with no known visible blood disorders.
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY AND ETHICAL FRAMEWORK
The TGSP will leverage cutting-edge genetic sequencing technologies, from sample collection to data interpretation, ensuring accuracy and integrity. Strict ethical guidelines will be followed to maintain privacy and informed consent.
This pioneering initiative positions Gujarat at the forefront of genomic research in India, offering the potential to revolutionize tribal healthcare and inform national policies on genetic disorders and precision medicine.
